Hi guys, How are you all? I hope you all are fine in this covid time. So we are going to know about an interesting topic it is soil erosion. And also you are going to know about it's conservative measures to prevent soil erosion. And also you are going to know about prevention of soil erosion requires adoption of technological measures which includes. Now ,let us get into the topic.
• what is mean by erosion?
Erosion is the process by which soil and rocks are removed from the Earth's surface by exogamic processes such as wind or water flow and then transported and deposited in other locations. While erosion is a natural process,human activities have increased the rate of erosion by 10-40 times. Excessive erosion causes problems such as desertification , decrease in agricultural productivity due to land degradation, sedimentation of waterways and ecological collapse due to loss of nutrient rich upper soil layers. Water and wind erosion are now the two primary causes of land degradation. Together they are responsible for 84%degradation, making excessive erosion one of the most significant global environmental problems.
ENIVORNMENTAL CONCERNS
Erosion of soil occurs due to rainfall, rivers and streams, coastal erosion, glaciers, floods, freezing, wind erosion and lighting strikes.
Conservative Measures to prevent soil erosion
Plants prevent soil erosion by protecting layer on the land
• plants slow down the rain water as it flows over the land (run off)and this allows much of the rain to soak into the ground.
• plants roots hold the soil in position and prevent it from being washed away.
• plants break the impact of the rain before it hits the soil, thus reducing its ability to erode the soil.
• plants in wetlands and on the banks of the river are of particular importance as they slow down the flow of the water and their roots blind the soil, thus preventing erosion.
Prevention of soil erosion requires adoption of technological measures which includes:-
1. Use of contour ploughing and windbreaks.
2.Weaving unploughed grass strips between ploughed lands.
3.Making sure that there are always plants growing on the soil and that the soil is rich in humus (decaying plant and animal remains). This organic matter is the 'glue' that blinds the soil particles together and plays an important part in preventing erosion.
4. Avoiding overgrazing and over use of crop lands.
5. Allowing indigenous plants to thrive along the river banks instead of ploughing and planting crops right up to the water's edge.
6.Encouraging biological diversity by planting several different types of plants together.
7.Conservation of wet lands.
8. Intensive cropping and use of proper drainage canals.
9. Terracing the sloping fields as this retards the speed of the following water.
10. Planting trees and sowing different kinds of grasses.
11. Carrying out extensive afforestation practices.
These are the prevention of soil erosion requires for adoption of technological measures.
